Gender Segregation and Discrimination in CTE :: Females Women Discrimination Essays

Gender Segregation and Discrimination in CTE The Traditional Reality The CTE system before Title IX has been characterized as traditionally dominated by gender segregation and discrimination (National Coalition for Women and Girls in Education 2002). In many cases, females were denied entry into training programs for higher-wage, traditionally male, industry and technical occupations. Gender stereotyping in guidance and counseling practices and materials, bias in teacher practices, and harassment by other students discouraged nontraditional enrollment by females and in practice restricted CTE opportunities for females to lower-wage, traditionally female, health and cosmetology occupations. In short, systematic practices and expectations steered females into home economics and away from shop or auto mechanics. In the long run, the most damaging consequence of such gender bias was to limit females' access to the benefits of CTE—the living wage that provides females the same economic self-sufficiency that males have long enjoyed. The Continuing Reality Unfortunately, CTE is still characterized by pervasive gender segregation and discrimination (National Women's Law Center 2002). Thirty years later, there are still striking gender disparities in guidance and counseling practices, in CTE program enrollment, in the level and quality of classes available in traditionally male and traditionally female CTE programs, and in the wages earned by female and male CTE graduates. An interesting comparison of two surveys (reported in Gloeckner and Knowlton 1995-96), one in Montana in 1980 and another in Virginia in 1995, illustrates a large, enduring gender gap in a critical CTE program area: . In Montana in 1980, females accounted for half of enrollment in only one high school technical education course—51 percent of Graphic Arts students were female. Female enrollment was less than 10 percent in all other high school technical education courses. . In Virginia in 1995, only one high school technical education course, Communications Technology, had about 50 percent female enrollment. In the 32 remaining high school technical education courses, female enrollment was less than 15 percent in 27 course and less than 10 percent in 17 courses. . In 1995, Virginia students explained gender differences in terms that could be considered classic for CTE. Females and males both perceived technology education classes as "guy" classes; females perceived technology education classrooms are dirty, hence unfeminine.

“Mother Tongue” by Amy Tan Essay

Amy Tan begins by announcing, â€Å"I am not a scholar of English†¦I cannot give you much more than personal opinions on the English language and its variations in this country and others.† How does this opening set up your expectations for the rest of the essay? Why do you think she chose to begin by denying her own authority? The introduction Tan decided to use presents the reader with a strong sense of the kind of individual she is. By saying â€Å"I am not a scholar of English†, Tan is revealing how humble she is. Amy Tan has written many novels and essays (some of which have been nationally recognized). Yet, she starts off her essay by stating that this is just a product of her opinion and that it is in no way superior to any others opinion. This manner of denying her own authority shows her strong belief that everyone can have their own interpretation of the value of the English language, much like she does. Her opening draws the reader in; it intrigues us. We are pleased with the idea that Tan is going to bring a new perspective to the â€Å"personal opinions on the English language†. Her opening also causes to reader to have a moment of self-reflection. We start to wonder what our opinion on the English language has been, momentarily stunned because, truly, we have never thought about this in-depth before. Therefore, our expectations for the rest of the essay increase. Tan writes about the different â€Å"Englishes† she speaks. What categories does she divide English into? Why are these divisions important to Tan? How does she say they affect her as a writer? At the beginning of the essay, Tan herself questions how to put a label on the complex â€Å"Englishes† that she has grown up with. To Tan, these â€Å"Englishes† do not just represent a way of speaking; they are multi-dimensional and a big part of her journey to find out who she truly is. Through self-reflection, at the end of her essay, she is able to come up with four categories of the English she uses: the kind of English she speaks to her mother (considered a â€Å"simple English†), the English her mother uses with her (considered a â€Å"broken English†), her translation of her mother’s Chinese (considered a â€Å"watered down† version), and the kind of English Tan aspires to capture (her mother’s internal language- the translation of Chinese if her mother could speak English  perfectly.) These divisions matter to Tan because each of these â€Å"Englishes† uniquely contribute in forming who Tan is. As a writer, this exposure to all of these â€Å"Englishes† has affected her greatly. She no longer focuses on writing to the readers who can understand English perfectly. Tan’s understanding of the multifaceted â€Å"Englishes† present in our nation allow her to get her message across to a larger audience. How does writing for a literary audience affect the language Tan primarily uses in the essay? What kind of English do you think she believes her audience speaks? Why? Support your answer with quotations from the text. Tan is aware that the literary audience will have a higher expectation of her writing. Therefore, she does not write in the manner in which her mother would speak (â€Å"broken English†). However, throughout her essay, any reader, whether an English scholar or student would easily be able to understand what Tan is trying to convey through her writing. In her essay Tan states: â€Å"Fortunately, for reasons I won’t get into today, I later decided I should envision a reader for the stories I would write. And the reader I decided upon was my mother.† Tan’s writing fully expresses the nature of her thoughts and ideas, but she writes in a way that will allow anyone to read her essay. Tan knows that there are people full of thoughts and emotions as complex as hers but are hindered by their lack of knowing English perfectly. She does not want her complex English phrasing to stop them from being able to gain something from her writing. How does Tan’s title – â€Å"Mother Tongue† – affect the way you read her argument? What other titles might she have chosen? Tan’s choice of title-â€Å"Mother Tongue†- allows the reader to understand Tan’s relationship with her mother. Although at some points, Tan was critical and embarrassed of her mother’s English, she has grown to understand and accept the idea that everyone can have their own kind of English. As a reader, the title allows you to have an open mind to the concept that â€Å"broken English† is not necessarily broken. People may not be able to speak English perfectly, but that does not mean you can label them as uneducated nor does it mean you are superior. Tan could have used a title that was patronizing or condescending. Her title could have swayed the reader to let go of whatever English they use and to start using â€Å"proper†/†formal† English. But as Tan said in her essay: â€Å"Fortunately, I happen to be rebellious in nature and enjoy the challenge of disproving assumptions..† Tan embraces the kind of English her mother uses because it plays a big part in who she is and how she speaks her own English and the title â€Å"Mother Tongue† is a testimony of that.

Soothing Quotes When You Are Missing Someone

When you are in love, almost every moment of togetherness is bliss, and almost every moment of separation is torture. When your heart pines for your loved one, you cannot help but lose interest in other aspects of your life. Your mind and soul suffer from a deep yearning. You might be separated by distance from your love or the separation might be permanent, the result of death or a breakup. These quotes can help when you are brought low by missing a love, for whatever reason. Quotes to Help Cope With Missing Someone William Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet: â€Å"Parting is such sweet sorrow that I shall say goodnight till it be morrow.†Ron Pope: I was praying that you and me might end up together. Its like wishing for rain as I stand in the desert, but Im holding you closer than most, cause you are my heaven.Claudia Adrienne Grandi: If I had a single flower for every time I think about you, I could walk forever in my garden.Henry Alford: Life is so short, so fast the lone hours fly. We ought to be together, you and I.Nicholas Sparks: Romance is thinking about your significant other when you are supposed to be thinking about something else.Frederick Buechner: You can kiss your family and friends goodbye and put miles between you, but at the same time you carry them with you in your heart, your mind, your stomach, because you do not just live in a world but a world lives in you.Ralph Waldo Emerson:  For everything you have missed, you have gained something else, and for everything you gain, you lose something else.Emily Dickinson: Parting is all we know of heaven and all we need to know of hell.American Proverb: Absence makes the heart grow fonder.Hans Nouwens: In true love, the smallest distance is too great, and the greatest distance can be bridged.Francois Duc de la Rochefoucauld: Absence diminishes little passions and increases great ones, as the wind extinguishes candles and fans a fire.Kay Knudsen: Love is missing someone whenever youre apart, but somehow feeling warm inside because youre close in heart.Rainbow Rowell, Eleanor Park:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"His eyes missed her as much as the rest of him.†Ã‚  Fyodor Dostoyevsky, The Dream of a Ridiculous Man short story: â€Å"How anxiously I yearned for those I had forsaken.†Ã‚  Dennis Lehane, Shutter Island: But as the years passed, he missed her more, not less, and his need for her became a cut that would not scar over, would not stop leaking.†Ã‚  Kaui Hart Hemmings, The Descendants: â€Å"Thats how you know you love someone, I guess when you cant experience anything without wishing the other person were there to see it, too.†